ELLA 3 COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS AND TEXT ADAPTATION
RECAST FORMATS - Encyclopedia
Definition: a book, set of books, optical disc, mobile device, or online informational resource containing articles on various topics, usually in alphabetical arrangement, covering all branches of knowledge or, less commonly, all aspects of one subject.
Example of short encyclopaedia entry
Migration is the process by which individuals, families, or groups move from one country of residence to work or settle in another. Originally used to refer to the temporary movement of people to find seasonal or longer-term employment, migration is now more commonly used to refer to a wide range of processes and phenomena that involve movement from one country to another for a variety of reasons. It is also common for individuals to migrate within a country as well as between two states, for example, between rural and urban areas. The academic study of migration therefore involves a wide range of phenomena, such as labor migration and types of forced migration.
Labor migration refers to the movement of individuals seeking employment in another
country. A number of trends have historically been associated with this term, among them the movement of rural populations to urban centres during the process of industrialization in Western Europe and the United States, the movement of indentured labor during the colonial period for the building of railways or mines, and contemporary migration of workers in hightech industries that require specialized knowledge and technical skills. Labor migration has also been actively encouraged within some economic areas, such as the European Union (EU),here citizens of member states are granted freedom of movement to work in other European countries.
Another prominent area of migration is that of forced migration. This term refers to the
migration of people who may be fleeing persecution, civil war, or humanitarian crises such as genocide; people who have been smuggled or trafficked; and those fleeing natural disasters, such as flood or famine. Forced migration is commonly used to refer to all these cases and is concerned with individuals as refugees, asylum seekers, or internally displaced people (IDPs) rather than as migrants. The right to asylum and refuge from instances of persecution and crisis is guaranteed under the 1951 Geneva Convention and is overseen by the UN High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR). Individual states and regional organizations such as the EU draw on UN conventions in formulating their own immigration and asylum policies. Individuals may also be forced to migrate within their own states and are referred to as IDPs. UNHCR estimates that twenty five million IDPs have been displaced by conflict, persecution, and humanitarian crises of various kinds.
Migration is sometimes used synonymously with immigration, but the two should not be
confused. Many different types of migration refer to more complex phenomena than the
process of leaving one country to settle in another.
421 words
SOME FOLLOW UP WORK
ENCYCLOPEDIA - Read the example ENCYCLOPEDIA entry above and identify conventions, key features, identify how the text addresses audience and purpose, uses genre conventions and creates specific effects from an audience.
KEY FEATURES -ENCYCLOPEDIA – generally public audience - may be specific for example newly married couples, children, parents etc. – may have range of purposes but mainly informative but may be persuasive and entertaining. Read the question carefully to check this.
CONVENTIONS – a way in which something is usually done –such as structure, layout, address heading[s] – see above.
COMMENT – on function[s] of the convention within the context of the diary
TEXT - Link to the private audience, purpose, genre, wider context, attitudes to topic[s]and topic[s]themselves
EFFECT – identify the intended effect of the CONVENTION on an audience / reader
LANGUAGE FEATURES – identify language and literary features common to DIARIES. Find a good quotation - short and contains strong language features - comment on these and show effects on readers.
FOLLOW UP
READ and become familiar with ENCYCLOPEDIA EXTRACTS. You will find many examples online. They are usually relatively short, accessible and on interesting topics.
Identify a 300 - 400 extract and identify conventions, language features, good quotations, make brief comments about function of the language feature and on effects on readers.
