Actually we have been using them all year but I've collected
them together here so you can get a perspective on how each approach works.
The first column titled Language Frameworks has evolved as a
scientific approach to studying written texts and derives from Linguistics -
the science of language. The second column titled Literature Frameworks has
evolved as an artistic approach to studying literary texts. The third column
has been added because it contains some relevant details about poetry that did
not fit in elsewhere.
Each box contains an approach to studying a work of
literature and includes some technical terms relevant to that approach.
In your presentations now and at the end of year
presentation and commentary assessments, you will be expected to use a variety
of analytical approaches.
Language Frameworks
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Literature Frameworks
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WRITTEN MODE
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POETRY – consider genre e.g. sonnet, ballad,
lyric
Form – iambic pentameter, blank verse, stanza,
quatrain, free verse
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GRAMMAR e.g.
Verbs/adverbs: nouns - concrete, abstract,
pronouns: adjectives, comparatives, superlatives
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IMAGERY
Visual images create strong vivid, life like
mental impressions in a readers imagination e.g.
metaphor, simile, personification
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WRITING STYLE
e.g. descriptive, dialogue, reflective, monologue,
narrative – action
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REGISTER e.g.
Informal - colloquial, slang, accent, contractions, ellipsis, elision,
expletives Formal- objective, unemotional, complete sentences, correct
grammar, appropriate lexis
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PHONOLOGY sound patterning creates harmony. Usually the effect is pleasing but
can be used to create tension e.g. alliteration, rhyme, onomatopoeia,
assonance, rhythm, sibilance
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SENSUOUS LANGUAGE
Language that draws on the five senses. This
creates strong vivid evocations of place e.g.
Sight = dark
Sound = whisper
Touch = smooth
Taste = bitter
Smell = rank
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SYNTAX e.g.
Sentence types complex, compound, simple
Sentence functions declarative, interrogative, imperative,
exclamatory
Sentence structures
Subject, object, main clause, subordinate clause
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RHETORICAL DEVICES e.g. list of three, contrasting pair, direct address,
repetition, emotive language, lists, emotive language, hyperbole
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ELEMENTAL LANGUAGE
Language that draws on the four elements. These
elements are powerful natural forces and texts that contain such elements
create powerful impressions on readers e.g.
Earth = mountain, roots, cave
Air = wind, still,
Fire = burning, flame,
Water = tides, frozen, flow
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LEXIS e.g.
denotations, connotations, simple, complex,
emotive, rational, neutral, lexical field, low/high frequency, polysyllabic,
monosyllabic
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